{"id":38136,"date":"2023-03-29T22:18:24","date_gmt":"2023-03-29T22:18:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/art.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?page_id=38136"},"modified":"2025-08-18T15:22:09","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T15:22:09","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%af%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%af%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/art.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%af%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%af%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"# \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 ( \u0663\u0668 ): \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0628<\/span>\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.\n\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.\n\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637.\n\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a.\n\u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 (50%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\n\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.\n\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629\n\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 ( C ).\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u060c\n\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0634\u0641\u0647\u064a\u0627.<\/h3>\n\n
\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (\u0663\u0669 ): \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/span>\n\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0637\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\n\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647.\n\u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0637\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0629\n\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t

  1. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  2. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  3. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  4. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  5. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  6. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  7. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a)<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  8. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  9. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  10. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  11. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  12. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  13. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a)<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  14. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a)<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  15. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629)<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  16. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h3><\/li>

  17. \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h3><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \"\"<\/a><\/figure>

    \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \"\"<\/a><\/figure>

    \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \"\"<\/a><\/figure>

    \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \"\"<\/a><\/figure>

    \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \"\"<\/a><\/figure>

    \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \"\"<\/a><\/figure>

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    \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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